Here are some common phrasal verbs in English.
Screw up
When something screws up somebody, it confuses or hurts them.
Scratch out
To scratch out is to make a living with great difficulty.
Seal off
To seal off an area is to block it or prevent access to it.
Set off
To set off is to start a journey.
Shake off
To shake something off is to get rid of it.
Spruce up
To spruce up is to smarten up.
Splash out
To splash out is to spend a lot of money on something
Stick around
To stick around is to stay in the same place for a long time.
Dish out
To dish out is to give something (usually criticism) in large amounts
Spew out
To spew something out is to produce a lot of it.
Spark off
To spark something off is to make it happen.
Dish out
To dish something out is to give something (usually something bad) freely and in large amounts.
Shoot off
To shoot off is to leave in a hurry.
Mug up
To mug up is to study hard.
Shake off
To shake something off is to get rid of that.
Stand by (somebody)
To stand by someone is to support them when they need you.
Stand (somebody) up
To stand somebody up is to arrange to meet somebody and not go.
Stand in for
To stand in for somebody is to do their job temporarily.
Stand out
Actually this is an inseparable phrasal verb. When something stands out, it becomes clearly noticeable.
Stand down
To stand down is to resign